Top 10

Top 10 Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Papers

A Top 10 guide to psychedelic-assisted therapy papers, from clinical evidence and mechanisms to safety, ayahuasca, and cost-effectiveness.

Published March 2, 2026

This post was made by Floris Wolswijk in cooperation, and co-published↗, with the MIND Foundation

The positive effects of serotonergic hallucinogens have long been recognized by recreational users, however, the history of academic research on the therapeutic potential of psychedelics has been turbulent, to say the least.

For more than a decade we have been observing a Psychedelic Renaissance – a growing interest in the exploration of the potential of psychedelics in the treatment of mental health disorders. Substances such as psilocybin, LSD, DMT, and ayahuasca are being investigated the world over. From university research groups to forward-looking therapists’ offices. All with the hope of establishing effective methods of improving global mental health.

In this top 10, we will introduce the history and current state of the research on psychedelic-assisted therapy, as well as its challenges and future perspectives.

1

Why Psychiatry Needs Psychedelics and Psychedelics Need Psychiatry

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs/2014/Sessa, B.
metapaywallCited 26×

Sessa argues for a realistic relationship between psychiatry and psychedelics. The commentary is useful because it pushes against both moral panic and utopian overreach, framing psychedelic-assisted therapy as a clinical practice that needs sober evidence and professional standards.

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2

Psychedelics: Where we are now, why we got here, what we must do

Neuropharmacology/2018/Belouin, S. J., Henningfield, J. E.
metaopenCited 179×

Belouin and Henningfield use the field's turbulent history to explain the modern revival. The paper is valuable because it connects research progress to regulation, public perception, and the policy decisions that will shape whether psychedelic medicines can be studied and delivered responsibly.

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3

Psychedelics as Medicines: An Emerging New Paradigm

Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics/2016/Nichols, C. D., Nichols, D. E., Johnson, M. W.
metaopenCited 362×

Nichols, Johnson, and Nichols review psychedelics as a possible new medical paradigm. The paper is useful because it combines clinical findings with cellular and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, showing why psychedelic-assisted therapy cannot be understood through psychology alone.

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4

Therapeutic use of serotoninergic hallucinogens: A review of the evidence and of the biological and psychological mechanisms

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews/2020/Dos Santos, R. G., Hallak, J. E.
metapaywallCited 116×

Guimaraes and Hallak review the therapeutic evidence and mechanisms for serotonergic hallucinogens. The paper matters because it covers LSD, psilocybin, and ayahuasca across substance use, depression, and anxiety while keeping biological and psychological explanations together.

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5

Safety and efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety associated with life-threatening diseases

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease/2014/Gasser, P., Holstein, D., Michel, Y. et al.
individualopenCited 744×

This modern LSD-assisted psychotherapy trial reopened clinical work on LSD for anxiety linked to life-threatening illness. Its small sample limits conclusions, but the study is important because it showed the treatment could be delivered safely in a contemporary therapeutic protocol.

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6

Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer

Journal of Psychopharmacology/2016/Griffiths, R. R., Johnson, M. W.
individualopenCited 2,144×

This Johns Hopkins cancer-distress trial is central to the modern psilocybin therapy literature. It matters because symptom improvements were paired with changes in meaning, optimism, death acceptance, and quality of life, outcomes especially relevant in serious illness.

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7

Serotonergic hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from a life-threatening disease: A systematic review

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry/2018/Reiche, S., Hermle, L., Gutwinski, S. et al.
metapaywallCited 124×

Reiche and colleagues review decades of psychedelic trials for anxiety and depression in people with life-threatening disease. The paper is useful because it pulls older LSD work and modern psilocybin studies into one view while making the evidence limits explicit.

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8

Well-being, problematic alcohol consumption and acute subjective drug effects in past-year ayahuasca users: a large, international, self-selecting online survey

Scientific Reports/2017/Lawn, W., Hallak, J. E., Crippa, J. A. et al.
individualopenCited 76×

This large ayahuasca survey adds a naturalistic perspective to psychedelic-assisted therapy discussions. It does not prove clinical efficacy, but it shows how ayahuasca use relates to wellbeing, alcohol use, and acute subjective effects in a broad international sample.

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9

Learning to Let Go: A Cognitive-Behavioral Model of How Psychedelic Therapy Promotes Acceptance

Frontiers in Psychiatry/2020/Wolff, M., Evens, R., Mertens, L. J. et al.
metaopenCited 184×

Wolff and colleagues translate psychedelic therapy into a cognitive-behavioral model of acceptance. The paper is interesting because it explains how relaxed beliefs, emotional breakthrough, and reduced avoidance could turn an acute experience into longer-term behaviour change.

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10

The cost-effectiveness of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of chronic, treatment-resistant PTSD

PLOS ONE/2020/Marseille, E., Kahn, J. G., Yazar-Klosinski, B. et al.
metaopenCited 54×

This cost-effectiveness model asks whether MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for chronic PTSD could be economically viable, not just clinically promising. It is useful because access decisions often depend on cost, care intensity, and health-system value as much as symptom change.

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How we choose these papers

These lists are curated by hand, not generated by an algorithm. We weigh citation counts, study quality, and lasting influence on the field, and we revisit each list as new research lands. Read more about how Blossom decides what to include in our curation explainer.